Monday 29 April 2013

Ketogenic diets - when they're not ketogenic.

High in the Arctic, Eskimo!
It's generally assumed that eating less than 50g/day of carbohydrate results in ketosis. Assume makes an ass out of "u" and "me". From Lyle McDonald's book The Ketogenic Diet:-

The Ketogenic Ratio (KR) = K/AK, where K = Ketogenic stuff and AK = Anti-ketogenic stuff.

K/AK =  (0.9*Fat + 0.46*Protein)/(1.0*Carbohydrate + 0.1*Fat + 0.58*Protein) where Fat, Protein & Carbohydrate are in grams.

For the treatment of epilepsy (very strongly ketogenic), K/AK must be greater than 1.5. For people who want to get into benign dietary ketosis, K/AK can be lower.

Eskimos eat a diet containing virtually zero dietary carbohydrate (~50g/day as muscle & liver glycogen). However, they are not in ketosis. See STUDIES ON THE METABOLISM OF ESKIMOS.

Eskimos eat so much protein that the Anti-ketogenic effect of Protein offsets the Ketogenic effect of Fat + Protein. Table IV is interesting, as it shows how much energy is lost as ketones on the third day of successive fasts in non-Eskimos (Subject #1 fasted once only). Note:- Beta-hydroxybutyric acid  produces 5kcals/g.

Subject #1:- 10.5kcals. ?kcals, ?kcals.
Subject #2:- 100.5kcals, 7.0kcals, 2.75kcals.
Subject #3:-  9.75kcals, 0.0kcals, 0.0kcals.

The answer is "not a lot" (except for Subject #2 on the first fast).

Continued on Ketogenic diets - when they're not ketogenic, Part 2.

23 comments:

Unknown said...

I was actually going to comment on this matter some time back, because I do agree that the Eskimos cannot be used as a positive example to extol the virtues of ketosis. They're not really in ketosis.

Nigel Kinbrum said...

Mind-reading skills - I haz them! ;-)

Unknown said...

Sure.

Although I'm also left wondering just how much we know of the full picture. It's an old study and who knows, perhaps they do undergo a lot of intermittent ketosis to take the edge off all that gluconeogenesis. A metabolic adaptation with a peculiarly up-scaled gluconeogenic component that's constantly at play would be rather stressful by way of cortisol.

Nigel Kinbrum said...

Living in that cold environment could make all the difference. Maybe Eskimos have a lot of BAT, which allows them to eat whatever they want with the metabolic flexibility to vary their RER from 0.6 (I thought that 0.7 was the lowest it could go!) up to >1.

Anonymous said...

Pretty! This has been an incredibly wonderful post.
Thank you for providing this info.

Look at my web site - Michael Kors Canada

Anonymous said...

Great post however I was wanting to know if you could write a litte more
on this topic? I'd be very grateful if you could elaborate a little bit further. Kudos!

Review my homepage - website

Anonymous said...

Howdy would you mind letting me know which web host you're working with? I've loaded
your blog in 3 different browsers and I must say this blog loads a lot faster then most.

Can you suggest a good hosting provider at a reasonable price?
Thanks, I appreciate it!

My blog: Learn More

Anonymous said...

I read this article completely on the topic of the difference of most
recent and previous technologies, it's remarkable article.

Also visit my blog ... Authentic Mario Lemieux Jersey

Anonymous said...

Attractive section of content. I just stumbled upon your site and in accession
capital to assert that I acquire actually enjoyed account your blog posts.
Anyway I'll be subscribing to your feeds and even I achievement you access consistently rapidly.

my web blog Louis Vuitton Bags

Anonymous said...

My coder is trying to convince me to move to .net from PHP.
I have always disliked the idea because of the expenses.

But he's tryiong none the less. I've been using Movable-type on various websites for about
a year and am worried about switching to another platform.
I have heard fantastic things about blogengine.net. Is there a way
I can import all my wordpress content into it? Any help would be really appreciated!


Here is my blog: Cheap NFL Jerseys

Anonymous said...

I used to be suggested this blog via my cousin.
I'm not positive whether or not this put up is written via him as nobody else realize such particular about my problem. You're wonderful!
Thanks!

Visit my website - Sidney Crosby Authentic Jersey

Anonymous said...

Hello, Neat post. There is an issue together with
your website in internet explorer, could test this?
IE still is the marketplace leader and a huge part of other
folks will omit your excellent writing because of this problem.



Check out my webpage ... wealthwayonline.com

Anonymous said...

Hello, its good piece of writing regarding media print, we all be aware
of media is a wonderful source of data.

Take a look at my web blog :: Louis Vuitton Outlet

Anonymous said...

For latest information you have to pay a visit world wide web and on world-wide-web I
found this web page as a finest website for most up-to-date updates.


Look into my webpage - Abercrombie France

Anonymous said...

Fastidious response in return of this difficulty with firm arguments and telling the whole thing about that.



Feel free to visit my web site: Michael Kors Outlet

Anonymous said...

I was very pleased to discover this page.
I want to to thank you for ones time for this wonderful read!
! I definitely liked every part of it and i also have you book marked to see new information on your website.


My web-site: Sac Guess Pas Cher

Anonymous said...

Why people still use to read news papers when in this technological
world everything is existing on net?

My blog post; Louis Vuitton Outlet

Anonymous said...

I am really thankful to the owner of this web site who has shared this enormous article at at this
time.

Here is my blog; Louis Vuitton Pas Cher

Anonymous said...

That is a good tip particularly to those fresh to the
blogosphere. Short but very precise info… Many thanks
for sharing this one. A must read article!

Feel free to visit my weblog: Cheap NFL Jerseys

Anonymous said...

Hmm it looks like your site ate my first comment (it was
extremely long) so I guess I'll just sum it up what I wrote and say, I'm thoroughly enjoying your blog.
I as well am an aspiring blog blogger but I'm still new to everything. Do you have any tips and hints for newbie blog writers? I'd definitely appreciate it.


My weblog - Louis Vuitton Outlet

Anonymous said...

What's up, I desire to subscribe for this website to take most recent updates, thus where can i do it please help.

Visit my site; Oakley Frogskins

Anonymous said...

Great info. Lucky me I found your website by accident (stumbleupon).
I've book-marked it for later!

Also visit my blog - NFL Jerseys Cheap

Sameh Shoman said...

this the best blog about fat loss and diet ,

http://easy-fatlos.blogspot.com/